1. Makar Parab (Tusu Parab) :
This festival primarily symbolizes the worship of agriculture and harvesting. It is held during the winter season (January). The villagers pray for prosperity to the god.
2. Saharul :
Sahrul is celebrated in the spring season. It is a festival of worsh\iping nature. Through this festival, the nature is greeted.
3. Karam Parab :
The festival is celebrated in “Sukla Ekadashi” of the Bengali month of “Bhadra”. This festival is about prosperity in agriculture. “JawaGeet” or “Karam Geet” is the principal part of this festival.
4. Indra Puja :
This festival symbolizes worship of Lord Indra with an expectation for good rainfall resulting in prosperous crops. This is primarily a festival patronised by the Royal families of Jhargram. Parva Dance is one of the most attractive parts of this festival.
5. Bandna (Saharai) :
Bandna is a festival to express gratitude to the animals used in the agricultural activities. Not only animals, the agricultural devices also get worshipped. “Ahira Geet” is an integral part of this festival. This festival is celebrated on “Kartika Amawasya” of the bengali calendar.
6. Baha Banga :
Baha is one of the important festivals of the Santhal community. It starts on the day after “Dol Purima”. The worship takes place at the “Jaher
Than”. The dance associated with this festival is called “Baha Dance”.
7. Mah Mare :
This festival starts in Bengali month “Baisakh” (April) and continues upto seventh day of “Asharh” (June). The worship takes place in “Jaher Than”. The dance forms associated with it is “Parab Dance”
8. Parva :
The word Parva signifies Prava or brilliance.It is a folk drama performed in Bengali language. Performers use various types of mask to denote
the characters they are playing like Goddess Durga, Goddess Kali, bhaluk (bear) kak (crow), jamdali ,buro and buri (old man and woman). Around 20 performers are required to enact this art – including 10 dancers, two singers and the rest playing musical instruments. The theme of the drama centres around mythical and social oriented issues. This form of dance is a type of Chhau but very unique to Jhargarm known as ‘Chilkigarh Chhau-Parva’. This form is mainly encouraged and patronized by the Kings of Lalgarh and specially Raja Man Govinda Dhabal Deb of Jhargramroyal family. He had taken tremendous initiative to keep this dying art form alive.
9. Mundari :
Mundari is a ritualistic dance form of the Munda tribes. They pray to their partron deity Karam Thakur for good harvest through this dance movements. There are three types of Mundari dances, they are to please Karam Thakur, Jadur Naach and Dong. Madal, Dhamsa, Karki Jhumka are the musical instruments accompanying the dance.
10. Adibasi Sarpa Nritya :
AdibasiSarpa dance is mainly performed by group of women varying from 15 to 20 in numbers. They use a wooden folk percussion instrument known as Sarpa and a small bowl made of brass known as Ginhe. They produce sound with these two instruments and dance on its rhythm. This dance is held between the period of Durga Puja and Kali Puja.
11. Tusu and Kirtan :
Tusu and Kirtan are the folk songs with religious intonations. Generally young girls from Kurmi tribes sing Tusu songs to
worship goddess Tusu, usually without any musical instruments. Kirtan is basically love ballad of Lord Krisna and is sung using musical instruments like khol, kartal, harmonium, ghungur.
12. Bhuang and Kendri :
Bhuang (a percussion instrument made of gourd) and Kendri (a string instrument) are the two types of musical instruments which are
played in this type of dance thus the name of the dance is referred as Bhuang and Kendri. The team of dancers sings song and dance together.
Pata Naach Patanaach,Bhuang&Kendri are the folk dances of Kurmis, Santhals. In Pata Naach male folks plays instruments and sing songs and females dance on that rhythm. The dance has two forms — Barabargaan and Bandana.
13. Chhau :
It is a dance drama mainly based on mythological plot, but nowadays some societal issues are gaining popularity as plot of the dance drama. It is a masked dance in which dancers wear elaborate head gear along with mask and gorgeous silken attire studded with sequins and beads.The musical instruments used are nagra, dhamsa, tikar, harmonium, ramjhal.
14. Dong &Dangery :
This dance is mainly performed by the Munda tribe during all their special festivals and occasions. The dancers move to the beats of
musical instruments like flutes,pipes,drums and cymbals wearing colourful traditional dresses. Dangery is the hunting dance of the Lodhas. It is performed in group consisting of 15 to 20 men or more than that. This dance is performed before going out for hunting. The high energetic dance movement symbolizes the valour, courage of the men folk of the community.
15. Baha :
Baha is a tribal dance. Baha is performed during different tribal occasionz. It is practiced from the Bengali month of Falgun and continues till
Boishakh. Both male and female performers wear traditional dresses. Women wears Panchi Sarees and men wear Panchi Dhotis and fasten gamcha around their head as head gear.
16. Karam :
Karam dance is performed during the autumnal festival of Karam Puja during the Bengali month of Bhadro. The tribal group presents this dance as a part of worshipping Karam Devta, ‘God of Fate’ so that He shower his blessings on them.The tribe believe that Karam Devta brings prosperity in their lives so they try to propitiate Karam Devta with Karma dance.
17. Jhumur :
Jhumur is a kind of folk song. Generally practiced by the Kurmali community.Nowadays young tribal men and women are coming forward with modernized Jhumur song in whish apart from traditional themes related to nature and environment they are infusing socially relevant themes too. Educated youngsters from Kurmali community are coming forward and researching ito develop this art form to enhance its accessibility throughout the world.
18. Handicrafts :
From upper part of date leaves, from kash grass, babui grass small artefacts are made like fruit basket, tiffin box, pen stand,suitcase. Not only hand crafted items such as wall hanging, magazine boxes are made but also furniture like table, chair, bed etc are made out of bamboo.
On the other hand bust of human faces, different types of small insects and animals are carved out from raw bamboo plant. Black stone carving can be seen as another major handicraft practice. Artisans produce plates, bowls, idols, etc from carving out Laterite stones mainly found in Belpahari region.
19. Handloom :
Traditional Sarees and traditional Dhotis known as “Panchi Saree” and “Panchi Dhoti”are commonly woven material here in Jhargram. Apart from this the weavers also weave “Gamchas”. All these sarees, dhotis and gamchas are embellished with floral designs and patterns woven in bright colours.
20. Stone Craft :
In two villages of Belpahari bordering Jharkhand for generations artisans have been making stone crafts (Plate, bowl, idol, different utensils).
Laterite stones available around this area are carved into plates, house hold items and decorative products by the artisans.
21. Bamboo Basket :
Basket making with the help of bamboo is a main source of livelihood for those poor artisans.
22. Pottery :
Pottery items is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing.
| Place | Jhargram |
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Official Website : https://jhargram.gov.in/
